Umlando we-SPM CALM Buoy System

Selokhu ethulwa, ama-SPM agqugquzele umnotho wejubane nesikali ekuthuthweni kwamazwe ngamazwe kwe-petroleum. Futhi njengoba imakethe yalezi zinhlelo ze-SPM ithuthuka ngokushesha isinqumo sathathwa ngo-1969 ngabakwa-NV Industrieele Handels Combinatie Holland (IHC) ukwakha ibhizinisi elihlukile ukuze limakethe futhi lithuthukise imikhiqizo, ebizwa nge-Single Buoy Moorings Inc. (noma i-SBM). Ukuphumelela kwabo sekungaziwa, njengoba uhlobo lwe-SPM CALM seluvamile, kodwa ngokungalungile lubizwa ngokuthi yi-SBM noma i-Single Buoy Mooring.

Umlando wokumiswa kwephuzu elilodwa embonini kawoyela negesi waqala ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yamashumi amahlanu ngamatheminali okulayisha/ukukhipha kusetshenziswa amasistimu okubopha indawo eyodwa. Ikakhulukazi nge:

• 1959: I-Shell, e-Malaysia (ukujula kwamanzi okungamamitha angu-48), Uhlobo lwe-CALM i-Gusto yakha indawo yokuqala ye-single point mooring (SPM) ngaphansi kwesivumelwano selayisense nabakwaShell, nomqondo othuthukiswe yi-Esso.
  
• 1969: Esso, Bregia Libya (140 ft ukujula kwamanzi) Uhlobo lwe-SALM (lokhu kwakuyilungelo lobunikazi elidala le-Exxon)

 

 

     I-Hebei Zebung Plastic Technology Co., LTD. Yasungulwa ngo-2003 inenhloko-dolobha ebhalisiwe ye-56.9 million yuan. YI-HIGH-TECH R & D kanye ne-Production Enterprise ebambe iqhaza emkhakheni wepayipi likawoyela wasolwandle elinezinga elikhulu, ipayipi le-industrial kanye ne-civil fluid, i-dredging hose, i-hose yokudla, njll. Ubuchwepheshe be-Zebung emkhakheni wepayipi lenjoloba elilinywe iminyaka engu-19, ngokusungulwa kokusha kwesayensi nezobuchwepheshe okuqhubekayo kanye nempumelelo yezobuchwepheshe, imikhiqizo eminingi ibisezingeni eliphezulu emhlabeni jikelele. Emkhakheni wamapayipi kawoyela aphesheya kwezilwandle asezingeni eliphezulu, iZebung ukuphela kwekhaya ezimele i-R & D Offshore Oil Pipeline Project Enterprises. Ikakhulukazi, ishubhu elintantayo lasolwandle elizithuthukisile kanye namashubhu angaphansi kwamanzi, i-Zebung iwucwaningo lokuqala lwasekhaya kanye nentuthuko nge-French BV Classification Society kumikhiqizo eqinisekisiwe ye-GMPHOM 2009.